Escalator handrail has multiple functions. All of these functions are explained below:

Balance & Stability
The primary purpose of an escalator handrail is to provide balance and stability to its passengers. When you find stability and balance on an escalator, you can freely ride it without getting stressed or worried. As a result, escalator riding becomes comfortable for children, old people, and people who are holding heavy objects.

Aiding On/OFF Movement
An escalator handrail also supports when you ascend or descend the escalator. For example, a passenger can ascend the escalator and ensure a smooth transition onto the moving steps by grasping the handrail.

Safety Feature
In case of unexpected situations, like a sudden stop or uneven footing, the handrail provides a sturdy grip to prevent falls.

Escalator Handrail Structure
An escalator handrail is more than a continuous belt since it consists of different parts. The complete structure of the escalator handrail is mentioned below:
1. Cover Rubber
The cover rubber is the outer layer of the handrail that you grip while riding on the escalator. It’s usually made of durable, pliable materials to provide passengers with a comfortable, secure grip.
The materials that are normally used to make an escalator handrail are:
Rubber: Rubber is the most commonly used material in making an escalator handrail. It provides a strong and firm grip. Moreover, it is comfortable to hold and proves durable for long-lasting use.
Thermoplastic Polyurethane: Thermoplastic Polyurethane offers similar benefits to escalator handrails. However, this material is more durable than rubber. Moreover, the polyurethane material is tear and wear-resistant.
2. Skeleton Layer
The skeleton layer is the core of the handrail, helping it maintain its form. Normally, nylon polyester blend fabric is used to make the skeleton layer.
3. Wire Curtain
 The wire curtain is made of stretch inhibitor. It acts as a load bearing force on the handrail belt and maintains a stable length and life of the handrail belt.
4. Sliding Layer
To make the sliding layer, cotton, synthetic fabric/nyon or staple fabric is used. The sliding layer enables the handrail to move smoothly without generating the heat.